安全的關(guān)鍵.png)
使用NestJS和Prisma構(gòu)建REST API:身份驗(yàn)證
概述:強(qiáng)大的 API 安全性的重要性怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)都不為過(guò)。在這個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)威脅猖獗的時(shí)代,保護(hù)我們的 API 端點(diǎn)不僅是必需品,也是我們的責(zé)任。讓我們剖析這些關(guān)鍵的安全措施,并巧妙地實(shí)施它們。讓我們討論以下 12 個(gè)主題,以使我們的 API 更安全:使用 HTTPS 使用 OAuth2 使用速率限制 使用 API 版本控制 輸入驗(yàn)證 使用分級(jí) API 密鑰 授權(quán) 白名單 OWASP API 安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 使用 API 網(wǎng)關(guān) 錯(cuò)誤處理 輸入驗(yàn)證 使用 HTTPS問(wèn)題陳述:您的 API 通過(guò) Internet 傳輸敏感數(shù)據(jù),并且當(dāng)前使用不安全的 HTTP。
強(qiáng)大的 API 安全性的重要性怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)都不為過(guò)。在這個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)威脅猖獗的時(shí)代,保護(hù)我們的 API 端點(diǎn)不僅是必需品,也是我們的責(zé)任。讓我們剖析這些關(guān)鍵的安全措施,并巧妙地實(shí)施它們。
讓我們討論以下 12 個(gè)主題,以使我們的 API 更安全:
問(wèn)題陳述:您的 API 通過(guò) Internet 傳輸敏感數(shù)據(jù),并且當(dāng)前使用不安全的 HTTP。如何保護(hù)傳輸中的數(shù)據(jù)?
解決方案:實(shí)現(xiàn)HTTPS對(duì)客戶端和服務(wù)器之間的通信進(jìn)行加密。
C# 示例:
public class SecureApiController : ApiController
{
// Use attribute to enforce HTTPS
[RequireHttps]
public HttpResponseMessage GetSensitiveData()
{
// Fetch sensitive data logic
var sensitiveData = new { /* ... */ };
return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK, sensitiveData);
}
}
// Custom attribute to enforce HTTPS
public class RequireHttpsAttribute : AuthorizationFilterAttribute
{
public override void OnAuthorization(HttpActionContext actionContext)
{
if (actionContext.Request.RequestUri.Scheme != Uri.UriSchemeHttps)
{
actionContext.Response = new HttpResponseMessage(System.Net.HttpStatusCode.Forbidden)
{
ReasonPhrase = "HTTPS Required"
};
}
else
{
base.OnAuthorization(actionContext);
}
}
}
始終使用 HTTPS 來(lái)保護(hù)客戶端和服務(wù)器之間的通信。在 ASP.NET Core 中,可以在以下位置強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行 HTTPS:Startup.cs
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddHttpsRedirection(options =>
{
options.RedirectStatusCode = StatusCodes.Status308PermanentRedirect;
options.HttpsPort = 443;
});
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
}
問(wèn)題陳述:您的 API 需要保護(hù)提供個(gè)人用戶數(shù)據(jù)的資源服務(wù)器。您需要確保只有經(jīng)過(guò)身份驗(yàn)證和授權(quán)的客戶端才能訪問(wèn)此數(shù)據(jù)。
解決方案:實(shí)現(xiàn) OAuth2(一種授權(quán)協(xié)議),以向客戶端提供安全的受限訪問(wèn)令牌。
C# 示例:
// OAuth2 configuration in Startup.cs
public void ConfigureAuth(IAppBuilder app)
{
// Configure the application for OAuth based flow
PublicClientId = "self";
OAuthOptions = new OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions
{
TokenEndpointPath = new PathString("/Token"),
Provider = new ApplicationOAuthProvider(PublicClientId),
AuthorizeEndpointPath = new PathString("/api/Account/Authorize"),
AccessTokenExpireTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromDays(14),
// In production mode set AllowInsecureHttp = false
AllowInsecureHttp = true
};
// Enable the application to use bearer tokens to authenticate users
app.UseOAuthBearerTokens(OAuthOptions);
}
實(shí)現(xiàn) OAuth 2.0 授權(quán)框架。它支持安全的委托訪問(wèn),允許客戶端獲取有限的訪問(wèn)令牌來(lái)驗(yàn)證 API 請(qǐng)求。在 ASP.NET Core 中,可以使用 Microsoft Identity 平臺(tái):
services.AddAuthentication(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
.AddMicrosoftIdentityWebApi(Configuration, "AzureAd");
services.AddAuthorization(options =>
{
options.AddPolicy("RequireAdminRole", policy =>
{
policy.RequireRole("Admin");
});
});
問(wèn)題陳述:您的 API 流量過(guò)大,導(dǎo)致性能下降。您需要實(shí)現(xiàn)速率限制來(lái)控制流量。
解決方案:使用中間件根據(jù) IP、用戶或操作組強(qiáng)制實(shí)施速率限制規(guī)則。
C# 示例:
// Middleware for rate limiting
public class RateLimitingMiddleware : OwinMiddleware
{
public RateLimitingMiddleware(OwinMiddleware next) : base(next) { }
public override async Task Invoke(IOwinContext context)
{
if (RateLimitReached(context))
{
context.Response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.TooManyRequests;
return;
}
await Next.Invoke(context);
}
private bool RateLimitReached(IOwinContext context)
{
// Implement your rate limiting logic here based on the context
// For instance, check the IP address and limit the number of requests per minute
return false;
}
}
實(shí)施速率限制以限制客戶端在給定時(shí)間窗口內(nèi)可以發(fā)出的請(qǐng)求數(shù)。您可以根據(jù)客戶端 IP、用戶 ID、API 路由等各種因素定義速率限制。下面是使用 AspNetCoreRateLimit 的示例:
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddOptions();
services.AddMemoryCache();
services.Configure\<ClientRateLimitOptions>(options =>
{
options.GeneralRules = new List\<RateLimitRule>
{
new RateLimitRule
{
Endpoint = "\*",
Period = "1m",
Limit = 30,
}
};
});
services.AddSingleton<IClientPolicyStore, MemoryCacheClientPolicyStore>();
services.AddSingleton<IRateLimitCounterStore, MemoryCacheRateLimitCounterStore>();
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
{
app.UseClientRateLimiting();
}
問(wèn)題陳述:您的 API 需要在不破壞現(xiàn)有客戶端的情況下進(jìn)行發(fā)展。如何在保持向后兼容性的同時(shí)引入新功能?
解決方案:在 API 路由中實(shí)現(xiàn)版本控制,以允許客戶端指定它們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)用于使用的版本。
C# 示例:
// Web API Route configuration
public static class WebApiConfig
{
public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
{
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "VersionedApi",
routeTemplate: "api/v{version}/{controller}/{id}",
defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
}
}
public class UsersController : ApiController
{
[HttpGet]
public string GetV1(int id)
{
// Version 1 specific processing
return "Data from version 1";
}
[HttpGet, Route("api/v2/users/{id}")]
public string GetV2(int id)
{
// Version 2 specific processing
return "Data from version 2";
}
}
實(shí)施 API 版本控制以保持向后兼容性。在 API 路由中包含版本指示符(如“v1”),也可以在請(qǐng)求/響應(yīng)標(biāo)頭中包含版本指示符。ASP.NET Core 通過(guò)軟件包支持此功能:Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Versioning
services.AddApiVersioning(options =>
{
options.DefaultApiVersion = new ApiVersion(1, 0);
options.AssumeDefaultVersionWhenUnspecified = true;
options.ReportApiVersions = true;
options.ApiVersionReader = new UrlSegmentApiVersionReader();
});
[ApiVersion("1.0")]
[Route("api/v{version:apiVersion}/[controller]")]
public class UsersController : ControllerBase
{
// Controller implementation
}
問(wèn)題:在未經(jīng)適當(dāng)驗(yàn)證的情況下接受來(lái)自客戶端的不受信任的輸入可能會(huì)引入 SQL 注入或跨站點(diǎn)腳本 (XSS) 等安全漏洞。
解決方案:始終在服務(wù)器端驗(yàn)證和清理輸入。使用數(shù)據(jù)注釋和屬性進(jìn)行基本驗(yàn)證:[ApiController]
public class LoginModel
{
[Required]
[EmailAddress]
public string Email { get; set; }
[Required]
[StringLength(100, MinimumLength = 6)]
public string Password { get; set; }
}
[HttpPost("login")]
public IActionResult Login([FromBody] LoginModel model)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
// Authenticate user
}
在 API 網(wǎng)關(guān)級(jí)別實(shí)現(xiàn)輸入驗(yàn)證,以確保僅處理有效請(qǐng)求。
public class ValidateModelAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext)
{
if (!actionContext.ModelState.IsValid)
{
actionContext.Response = actionContext.Request.CreateErrorResponse(
HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, actionContext.ModelState);
}
}
}
// Usage in a Controller
public class MyModel
{
[Required]
public string Property1 { get; set; }
// Other properties and validation attributes
}
public class MyApiController : ApiController
{
[ValidateModel]
public IHttpActionResult Post(MyModel model)
{
// Proceed knowing the model is valid
ProcessData(model);
return Ok();
}
private void ProcessData(MyModel model)
{
// Processing logic
}
}
問(wèn)題:對(duì)所有客戶端使用單個(gè) API 密鑰無(wú)法提供精細(xì)控制,也無(wú)法根據(jù)需要撤銷(xiāo)對(duì)特定客戶端的訪問(wèn)權(quán)限。
解決方案:實(shí)現(xiàn)具有不同訪問(wèn)權(quán)限的分級(jí) API 密鑰系統(tǒng)。每個(gè)客戶端都獲得與特定角色或范圍關(guān)聯(lián)的唯一密鑰。
public class ApiKey
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Key { get; set; }
public string ClientName { get; set; }
public List<string> Scopes { get; set; }
}
public class AuthorizationMiddleware
{
private readonly RequestDelegate _next;
public AuthorizationMiddleware(RequestDelegate next)
{
_next = next;
}
public async Task Invoke(HttpContext context, IApiKeyRepository apiKeyRepository)
{
string apiKey = context.Request.Headers["X-API-KEY"];
if (apiKey == null)
{
context.Response.StatusCode = 401;
await context.Response.WriteAsync("API key is missing.");
return;
}
ApiKey key = await apiKeyRepository.GetApiKey(apiKey);
if (key == null)
{
context.Response.StatusCode = 401;
await context.Response.WriteAsync("Invalid API key.");
return;
}
if (!key.Scopes.Contains(context.Request.Path.ToString()))
{
context.Response.StatusCode = 403;
await context.Response.WriteAsync("Not authorized to access this resource.");
return;
}
await _next(context);
}
}
實(shí)現(xiàn)具有不同訪問(wèn)權(quán)限的分級(jí) API 密鑰。
public class ApiKeyHandler : DelegatingHandler
{
protected override async Task<HttpResponseMessage> SendAsync(HttpRequestMessage request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
// Validate API key
if (!ValidateApiKey(request.Headers, out var apiKey))
{
return request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.Forbidden, "Invalid API Key");
}
// Check access level of API key and set user's role
SetUserRoleBasedOnApiKey(apiKey);
// Continue down the pipeline
return await base.SendAsync(request, cancellationToken);
}
private bool ValidateApiKey(HttpRequestHeaders headers, out string apiKey)
{
// Logic to validate API key
apiKey = /* ... */;
return true;
}
private void SetUserRoleBasedOnApiKey(string apiKey)
{
// Logic to set user role based on API key level
}
}
問(wèn)題:如果沒(méi)有適當(dāng)?shù)氖跈?quán)檢查,經(jīng)過(guò)身份驗(yàn)證的用戶可能會(huì)訪問(wèn)他們不應(yīng)該被允許訪問(wèn)的資源。
解決方案:在允許請(qǐng)求繼續(xù)之前,實(shí)現(xiàn)基于角色的訪問(wèn)控制 (RBAC) 并檢查每個(gè) API 端點(diǎn)上的用戶權(quán)限。
[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]
[HttpDelete("users/{id}")]
public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteUser(int id)
{
// Delete user logic
return NoContent();
}
在更復(fù)雜的場(chǎng)景中,您可能需要實(shí)現(xiàn)基于屬性的訪問(wèn)控制 (ABAC) 或基于策略的授權(quán)。
在 API 中實(shí)施授權(quán)檢查,以區(qū)分用戶的不同訪問(wèn)權(quán)限級(jí)別。
[Authorize(Roles = "Admin, Viewer")]
public class DataController : ApiController
{
public IHttpActionResult GetData()
{
// Only users with role "Admin" or "Viewer" can access data
var data = GetDataFromService();
return Ok(data);
}
[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]
public IHttpActionResult UpdateData(MyDataModel model)
{
// Only users with role "Admin" can update data
UpdateDataService(model);
return Ok();
}
// Separate methods to get and update data
private object GetDataFromService() { /*...*/ }
private void UpdateDataService(MyDataModel model) { /*...*/ }
}
問(wèn)題:某些 API 端點(diǎn)可能設(shè)計(jì)為僅接受一組有限的預(yù)定義參數(shù)值。允許任意輸入可使攻擊者繞過(guò)驗(yàn)證或注入惡意數(shù)據(jù)。
解決方案:使用白名單(或白名單)顯式定義敏感參數(shù)的允許值。
[HttpGet("articles")]
public IActionResult GetArticles([FromQuery] string category)
{
string[] allowedCategories = { "science", "technology", "business" };
if (!allowedCategories.Contains(category))
{
return BadRequest("Invalid category.");
}
// Fetch and return articles in the specified category
}
public class IPAllowlistHandler : DelegatingHandler
{
private readonly string[] _trustedIPs;
public IPAllowlistHandler(string[] trustedIPs)
{
_trustedIPs = trustedIPs ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(trustedIPs));
}
protected override Task<HttpResponseMessage> SendAsync(HttpRequestMessage request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var context = ((HttpContextBase)request.Properties["MS_HttpContext"\]);
var requestIP = context.Request.UserHostAddress;
if (!_trustedIPs.Contains(requestIP))
{
return Task.FromResult(request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.Forbidden, "Access denied from this IP address"));
}
return base.SendAsync(request, cancellationToken);
}
}
問(wèn)題陳述:您的 API 受到各種安全威脅和漏洞的影響。您如何確保它們免受 OWASP 識(shí)別的主要安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的影響?
解決方案:根據(jù) OWASP API 安全前 10 名列表定期審核和更新您的 API,該列表詳細(xì)說(shuō)明了 Web 應(yīng)用程序面臨的最關(guān)鍵安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
C# 示例:
// Example of checking for broken user authentication, which is a common OWASP risk
public class AuthenticationMiddleware : OwinMiddleware
{
public AuthenticationMiddleware(OwinMiddleware next) : base(next) {}
public override async Task Invoke(IOwinContext context)
{
if (!UserIsAuthenticated(context))
{
context.Response.StatusCode = 401; // Unauthorized
await context.Response.WriteAsync("User authentication failed.");
return;
}
await Next.Invoke(context);
}
private bool UserIsAuthenticated(IOwinContext context)
{
// Implement your authentication logic here
// Make sure it's in line with OWASP recommendations
return true; // Placeholder for actual authentication check
}
}
問(wèn)題:隨著微服務(wù)和 API 端點(diǎn)數(shù)量的增加,管理身份驗(yàn)證、速率限制和監(jiān)控等方面可能會(huì)變得復(fù)雜且容易出錯(cuò)。
解決方案:使用 API Gateway 作為所有客戶端請(qǐng)求的單一入口點(diǎn)。它可以處理請(qǐng)求路由、組合和協(xié)議轉(zhuǎn)換等常見(jiàn)任務(wù)。常用選項(xiàng)包括 Azure API 管理、Amazon API Gateway 或使用 Ocelot 構(gòu)建自己的 API。
// Configure API Gateway routes
var routes = new List<RouteConfiguration>
{
new RouteConfiguration
{
RouteId = "users-route",
UpstreamPathTemplate = "/api/users/{everything}",
DownstreamPathTemplate = "/api/users/{everything}",
DownstreamScheme = "https",
DownstreamHostAndPorts = new List<DownstreamHostAndPort>
{
new DownstreamHostAndPort
{
Host = "users-service",
Port = 443
}
}
},
// Additional route configurations
};
var config = new OcelotPipelineConfiguration
{
Routes = routes
};
// Configure authentication middleware
services.AddAuthentication()
.AddJwtBearer("users-service", options =>
{
// JWT bearer configuration for users service
})
.AddJwtBearer("products-service", options =>
{
// JWT bearer configuration for products service
});
await ocelotBuilder.AddOcelot(config)
.AddDelegatingHandler\<AuthenticationDelegatingHandler>()
.Build()
.StartAsync();
將 API Gateway 實(shí)現(xiàn)為微服務(wù)的單一入口點(diǎn)。它可以處理跨領(lǐng)域問(wèn)題,如身份驗(yàn)證、SSL 終止和速率限制。
public class ApiGatewayHandler : DelegatingHandler
{
protected override async Task<HttpResponseMessage> SendAsync(HttpRequestMessage request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
// Pre-processing: authentication, logging, etc.
AuthenticateRequest(request);
// Route to the appropriate service
var response = RouteToService(request);
// Post-processing: modify response, add headers, etc.
return await ProcessResponse(response);
}
private void AuthenticateRequest(HttpRequestMessage request)
{
// Authentication logic
}
private Task<HttpResponseMessage> RouteToService(HttpRequestMessage request)
{
// Logic to route to specific services
// This is a placeholder for actual routing logic
return Task.FromResult(new HttpResponseMessage());
}
private async Task<HttpResponseMessage> ProcessResponse(HttpResponseMessage response)
{
// Response processing logic
return response;
}
}
問(wèn)題:向客戶端公開(kāi)詳細(xì)的錯(cuò)誤消息可能會(huì)泄露有關(guān) API 內(nèi)部的敏感信息,從而可能幫助攻擊者。
解決方案:實(shí)施全局錯(cuò)誤處理策略,以在 API 中一致地捕獲和處理異常。將一般的、不敏感的錯(cuò)誤消息返回給客戶端,同時(shí)在服務(wù)器端記錄詳細(xì)的錯(cuò)誤信息以進(jìn)行調(diào)試。
public class ErrorDetails
{
public int StatusCode { get; set; }
public string Message { get; set; }
}
public class GlobalExceptionFilter : IExceptionFilter
{
private readonly ILogger<GlobalExceptionFilter> _logger;
public GlobalExceptionFilter(ILogger<GlobalExceptionFilter> logger)
{
_logger = logger;
}
public void OnException(ExceptionContext context)
{
int statusCode = StatusCodes.Status500InternalServerError;
string message = "An unexpected error occurred.";
if (context.Exception is ArgumentException)
{
statusCode = StatusCodes.Status400BadRequest;
message = "Invalid request data.";
}
else if (context.Exception is UnauthorizedAccessException)
{
statusCode = StatusCodes.Status401Unauthorized;
message = "Authentication required.";
}
// Handle other specific exception types
_logger.LogError(context.Exception, "Unhandled exception occurred.");
context.Result = new ObjectResult(new ErrorDetails
{
StatusCode = statusCode,
Message = message
})
{
StatusCode = statusCode
};
context.ExceptionHandled = true;
}
}
// Register the global exception filter
services.AddControllers(options =>
{
options.Filters.Add<GlobalExceptionFilter>();
});
創(chuàng)建一個(gè)自定義錯(cuò)誤處理程序,該處理程序在不公開(kāi)敏感詳細(xì)信息的情況下返回描述性和有用的錯(cuò)誤消息。
public class GlobalExceptionHandler : ExceptionHandler
{
public override void Handle(ExceptionHandlerContext context)
{
// Log the exception details for internal use
LogException(context.Exception);
// Provide a friendly error message to the client
var result = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError)
{
Content = new StringContent("An unexpected error occurred. Please try again later."),
ReasonPhrase = "Critical Exception"
};
context.Result = new ErrorMessageResult(context.Request, result);
}
private void LogException(Exception exception)
{
// Implement logging logic
}
}
public class ErrorMessageResult : IHttpActionResult
{
private readonly HttpRequestMessage _request;
private readonly HttpResponseMessage _httpResponseMessage;
public ErrorMessageResult(HttpRequestMessage request, HttpResponseMessage httpResponseMessage)
{
_request = request;
_httpResponseMessage = httpResponseMessage;
}
public Task<HttpResponseMessage> ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
return Task.FromResult(_httpResponseMessage);
}
}
// Register in WebApiConfig
config.Services.Replace(typeof(IExceptionHandler), new GlobalExceptionHandler());
問(wèn)題:在未經(jīng)適當(dāng)驗(yàn)證的情況下接受來(lái)自客戶端的不受信任的輸入可能會(huì)引入 SQL 注入或跨站點(diǎn)腳本 (XSS) 等安全漏洞。
解決方案:始終在服務(wù)器端驗(yàn)證和清理輸入。使用數(shù)據(jù)注釋和屬性進(jìn)行基本驗(yàn)證:[ApiController]
public class CreateUserModel
{
[Required]
[StringLength(50)]
public string Username { get; set; }
[Required]
[EmailAddress]
public string Email { get; set; }
[Required]
[StringLength(100, MinimumLength = 6)]
public string Password { get; set; }
}
[HttpPost]
public IActionResult CreateUser([FromBody] CreateUserModel model)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
// Create user logic
return CreatedAtAction(nameof(GetUser), new { id = user.Id }, user);
}
public class CreateUserValidator : AbstractValidator<CreateUserModel>
{
public CreateUserValidator()
{
RuleFor(x => x.Username)
.NotEmpty()
.MaximumLength(50);
RuleFor(x => x.Email)
.NotEmpty()
.EmailAddress();
RuleFor(x => x.Password)
.NotEmpty()
.Length(6, 100);
}
}
[HttpPost]
public IActionResult CreateUser([FromBody] CreateUserModel model)
{
var validator = new CreateUserValidator();
var validationResult = validator.Validate(model);
if (!validationResult.IsValid)
{
return BadRequest(validationResult.Errors);
}
// Create user logic
return CreatedAtAction(nameof(GetUser), new { id = user.Id }, user);
}
請(qǐng)記住,輸入驗(yàn)證不是靈丹妙藥。它應(yīng)與其他安全措施(如參數(shù)化查詢、輸出編碼和內(nèi)容安全策略)結(jié)合使用,以構(gòu)建針對(duì)注入攻擊的全面防御。
public class ValidateModelAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext)
{
if (!actionContext.ModelState.IsValid)
{
actionContext.Response = actionContext.Request.CreateErrorResponse(
HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, actionContext.ModelState);
}
}
}
// Usage in a Controller
public class MyModel
{
[Required]
public string Property1 { get; set; }
// Other properties and validation attributes
}
public class MyApiController : ApiController
{
[ValidateModel]
public IHttpActionResult Post(MyModel model)
{
// Proceed knowing the model is valid
ProcessData(model);
return Ok();
}
private void ProcessData(MyModel model)
{
// Processing logic
}
}
問(wèn)題:不安全的編碼做法可能會(huì)引入攻擊者可以利用的漏洞,從而危及 API 的安全性。
解決方案:遵循安全編碼準(zhǔn)則和最佳做法,以最大程度地降低漏洞風(fēng)險(xiǎn):
問(wèn)題:如果您不主動(dòng)查找安全漏洞,它們可能無(wú)法檢測(cè)到,從而使您的 API 暴露在潛在攻擊之下。
解決方案:將安全測(cè)試納入開(kāi)發(fā)生命周期:
通過(guò)將安全測(cè)試作為開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程的常規(guī)部分,您可以主動(dòng)識(shí)別和解決漏洞,以免被惡意行為者利用。
問(wèn)題:如果沒(méi)有適當(dāng)?shù)娜罩居涗浐捅O(jiān)視,您可能會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)關(guān)鍵的安全事件或無(wú)法檢測(cè)到正在進(jìn)行的攻擊。
解決方案:對(duì) API 實(shí)施全面的日志記錄和監(jiān)視:
通過(guò)實(shí)施強(qiáng)大的日志記錄和監(jiān)控,您可以了解 API 的安全狀況,及早檢測(cè)威脅,并快速響應(yīng)以減輕任何事件的影響。
請(qǐng)記住,API 安全是一項(xiàng)多方面的工作,需要整體方法。通過(guò)結(jié)合安全編碼實(shí)踐、定期測(cè)試以及全面的日志記錄和監(jiān)控,您可以構(gòu)建能夠抵御各種威脅的 API。
在繼續(xù)開(kāi)發(fā)和改進(jìn) API 的過(guò)程中,請(qǐng)始終將安全性放在首位。隨時(shí)了解最新的安全最佳實(shí)踐、工具和技術(shù)。與安全社區(qū)互動(dòng),參加會(huì)議和研討會(huì),并不斷對(duì)自己和您的團(tuán)隊(duì)進(jìn)行有關(guān) API 安全的教育。
通過(guò)在整個(gè) API 開(kāi)發(fā)生命周期中優(yōu)先考慮安全性,您可以創(chuàng)建不僅功能強(qiáng)大、性能高,而且安全可靠且值得信賴(lài)的 API。???
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